中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
中国烹饪协会：春节餐饮市场回暖 实现“开门红”****** 中新网1月28日电(中新财经记者 宋宇晟)记者获悉，中国烹饪协会开展的“兔年春节期间重点餐饮企业经营情况调研”数据显示，除夕至正月初六(1月21日—27日)受访餐饮企业营业收入与去年春节相比上涨24.7%，与2019年春节相比上涨1.9%；客流量与去年春节相比上涨26%，与2019年春节基本持平。  中国烹饪协会供图中国烹饪协会指出，今年春节餐饮堂食等各类线下消费场景加快恢复，线上单品消费保持一定旺盛势头，实现了餐饮的“开门红”。 北京市商务局重点监测的百货、超市、专业专卖店、餐饮和电商等企业实现销售额50.9亿元，恢复至去年农历日同期的98%，较2019年增长13.2%。除夕当日，全聚德、隆福寺餐饮、又一顺餐厅营业额同比分别增长90.8%、66.2%、63.9%。 河北省37家重点监测餐饮企业营业额2766.9万元，同比增长6.53%；江苏省餐饮业零售总额达130.3亿元，同比增长9%；湖南省餐饮企业春节假期累计实现销售25.18亿元，较去年同期增长13.8%；陕西省重点监测餐饮样本企业的餐饮收入9532万元，同比增长43.8%。 西安市春节期间餐饮收入较去年同期翻倍，较2019年同期增长超过20%，创历史新高。成都市20个餐饮品牌30个门店年三十至正月初四实现销售收入670.6万元，同比增长45%-120%，人流量同比增长超过2.1倍。武汉市大部分餐厅上座率达到85%，部分餐厅达到120%。 春节深圳餐饮市场火爆，传统酒楼从年夜饭至年初六基本都客满，潮江春大中华喜来登店、五稻厨房国创店等当地著名潮粤菜年夜饭已恢复到2019年同期水平；春节假期的点都德、蔡澜点心店的午市茶市翻台率1-2轮。深圳市政府持续出台餐饮扶持大礼包政策，助力餐饮市场回暖，分期发放1亿元春节消费券，刺激拉动消费。 在青岛市，商超内餐饮企业如大渔铁板烧，渔荷、开海等上座率与已恢复到往年同期水平，多家老字号上座率基本在90%以上。在南京，新街口、夫子庙、老门东商圈各大餐饮店客流量同比增长超四成。在扬州，各大商圈综合体年味足人气旺。武汉商圈也同样火热，范湖天街和万象城内餐饮业中晚餐上座率已达到150%，武商MALL米其林添好运华中首店，打卡者络绎不绝，巴奴、凑凑火锅营业至凌晨3时。  资料图 徐明睿 摄此外，中国烹饪协会调研数据显示，26.7%的餐饮企业的预制菜销售同比去年上涨。北京市老字号全聚德、便宜坊、旺顺阁、烤肉宛、曲园酒楼上新多款年夜饭套餐及年货礼盒，护国寺小吃起源店非遗小吃礼盒单日销售超1000盒；武汉餐饮业大胆创新的手提年饭礼盒，今年销售量达到了50万盒；山东本土餐饮巨头山东凯瑞商业集团精心准备了多种预制菜品，消费者可以通过食瑞鲜凯瑞商城小程序下单，该集团预制菜销售同比去年上涨50%。 美团外卖数据显示，今年春节期间，北京、西安、广州、重庆、上海成为春节外卖销量前五位，其中热门旅游城市西安的春节菜品销量同比去年增长了62.84%，重庆增长了219.78%。其中，正餐订单增速同比去年增长14.1%，火锅订单量同比去年增速14.6%，小吃快餐订单同比去年增速7.6%，烧烤订单量同比去年增速2.9%，饮品同比去年订单增速31.1%，面包甜点的订单量增速同比去年增长10.5%。 数据还显示，异地消费较去年同期增长76%。其中，北京、三亚、成都、重庆、大理等地成为异地消费者堂食订单量最多的前5座城市。 值得注意的是，在餐饮消费火爆的同时，餐饮企业员工人手短缺的问题逐渐凸显。根据中国烹饪协会的调研，本次受访餐饮企业中50%的餐饮企业表示在兔年春节期间，员工人手紧张，36%的餐饮企业表示员工人手极度短缺。中国烹饪协会分析，餐饮业消费快速恢复之后，春节期间的整体预定量暴增，客流量大，是导致员工人手不足的原因，传统餐饮业除了依靠短期加薪等方式来激励员工，聘用小时工等方式缓解用工荒，同时需转型升级，加快发展现代化餐饮服务业。(完) 搜索 复制
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